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How Does the Internet Work?? Internet Addresses. ![]() ![]() Protocol. Stacks and Packets. Networking. Infrastructure. Internet. Infrastructure. The. Internet Routing Hierarchy. Domain. Names and Address Resolution. Internet. Protocols Revisited. Application. Protocols: HTTP and the World Wide Web. Application. Protocols: SMTP and Electronic Mail. Transmission. Control Protocol. Internet. Protocol. Wrap. Up. Resources. Bibliography. How does the Internet work? The. Internet's growth has become explosive and it seems impossible to escape. Because the Internet has become such a. It does not go into great depth, but covers. For any unanswered questions, a list of resources is provided at. Any comments, suggestions, questions, etc. Because the Internet is a. Internet. must have a unique address. Internet addresses are in the form. This. address is known as an IP address. ![]() The Internet is represented as an abstract object in- between. In any case. if you are connected to the Internet, your computer has a unique IP. It's called ping, probably after the sound made by. If you are using Windows. If you're using a flavor of Unix, get. ![]() Remote Monitoring Program Uses. Today's teenager has the Internet at their fingertips. You have the right to know and there's only one way to find out for sure.Type ping. www. yahoo. The ping program will send a 'ping' (actually. ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo request message) to. The pinged computer will respond with a reply. Also, if you enter a domain name (i. More on domain. names and address resolution later. How does it 'talk' to other. Internet? An example should serve here: Let's. ![]() IP address is 1. 2. The message you want to send is . Obviously, the message must be transmitted over whatever kind. Internet. Let's say you've dialed. ISP from home and the message must be transmitted over the phone. How to manage my Internet usage/Increasing your usage allowance. Check the program’s preferences and ensure the upstream Internet is limited. I need to know my Bell Internet username and password. Therefore the message must be translated from alphabetic text into. Internet, then translated back. How is this accomplished? Through the use of a. Every computer needs one to communicate on the. Internet and it is usually built into the computer's operating system. The protocol stack used on the Internet is. TCP/IP protocol stack because of the two major. The TCP/IP stack looks like this. Protocol Layer. Comments. Application Protocols Layer. Protocols specific to applications such as WWW, e- mail, FTP. Transmission Control Protocol Layer. TCP directs packets to a specific application on a computer. Internet Protocol Layer. IP directs packets to a specific computer using an IP. Hardware Layer. Converts binary packet data to network signals and. E. g. On the Internet, these chunks of data are. Each packet is assigned a port number. Ports will. be explained later, but suffice to say that many programs may be using. TCP/IP stack and sending messages. We need to know which program on. This is where each packet receives it's destination address. The hardware layer takes. The ISPs router examines the destination address. Often, the packet's next. More on routers and Internet infrastructure. Here, the packets. TCP/IP stack and work. But what's in- between? Let's look at another diagram. Here we see Diagram 1. The physical connection through the phone. Internet Service Provider might have been easy to guess. This is. managed by some form of computer (usually a dedicated one) which controls. This. setup may be refered to as a port server, as it 'serves' access to the. Billing and usage information is usually collected here as well. From here the packets will usually journey through. But wouldn't it would be nice if we knew the exact route our. Internet? As it turns out, there is a way.. This one is called. Internet destination. Like ping, you must use traceroute from. In Windows, use tracert. From a Unix prompt, type traceroute www. Like ping, you may. IP addresses instead of domain names. Traceroute will. print out a list of all the routers, computers, and any other. Internet entities that your packets must travel through to get to. If you use. traceroute, you'll notice that your packets must travel through many. Most have long names such as. SJC. globalcenter. Several. routers are shown in Diagram 3, but only a few. Diagram 3 is meant to show. The Internet is much more complex. These large. networks are known as Network Service Providers or NSPs. These networks peer with each other to. Each NSP is required to connect to three. Network Access Points or NAPs. At the NAPs, packet traffic. NSP's backbone to another NSP's backbone. NSPs also. interconnect at Metropolitan Area Exchanges or MAEs. MAEs. serve the same purpose as the NAPs but are privately owned. NAPs were the. original Internet interconnect points. Both NAPs and MAEs are referred to. Internet Exchange Points or IXs. NSPs also sell bandwidth to. ISPs and smaller bandwidth providers. Below is a. picture showing this hierarchical infrastructure. This is not a true. Internet. Diagram 4 is only meant. NSPs could interconnect with each other and smaller. ISPs. None of the physical network components are shown in Diagram 4 as. Diagram 3. This is because a single NSP's backbone. Most NSPs publish maps of. Does every computer connected to the Internet. Do packets simply get 'broadcast' to. Internet? The answer to both the preceeding. No computer knows where any of the other computers are. The information used to get. Internet. A router is usually connected. Each router knows about. IP addresses they use. The router usually. IP addresses are 'above' it. Examine Diagram 5 below. The larger NSP. backbones at the top are connected at a NAP. Under them are several. At the bottom are two. When a packet arrives. IP address put there by the IP. The router checks it's routing. If the network containing the IP address is found, the packet is. If the network containing the IP address is not. Hopefully the next router will know. If it does not, again the packet is routed. NSP backbone. The routers connected to the NSP. What if the you. need to access a web server referred to as www. The DNS is a distributed database which keeps track of. IP addresses on the Internet. These computers are. DNS servers. No DNS server contains the entire database; they. If a DNS server does not contain the domain. DNS server re- directs the. DNS server. The Domain Name. Service is structured as a hierarchy similar to the IP routing hierarchy. Figure 6 illustrates a portion of the hierarchy. At the top. of the tree are the domain roots. Some of the older, more common domains. What is not shown are the multitude of DNS servers. This way, any Internet. For example, when you enter a web address into your web. DNS server. After. IP address for the domain name you entered, the browser then. Right click on your. Internet connection and click Properties. Near the bottom of the. TCP/IP Settings.. Click. TCP/IP Properties. Select the DNS Configuration tab at the top. Here. you may disable DNS or set your DNS servers to 0. You will probably have to. Windows as well.) Now enter an address into your web. The browser won't be able to resolve the domain name and. DNS. server couldn't be found. However, if you enter the corresponding IP. This is true; there are many. Internet to function. These. include the TCP and IP protocols, routing protocols, medium access control. The following sections. Internet. Higher level protocols are discussed first, followed by lower. One of the. most commonly used services on the Internet is the World Wide Web (WWW). Do not confuse this with the Hypertext Markup. Language (HTML). HTML is the language used to write web pages. HTTP is the. protocol that web browsers and web servers use to communicate with each. Internet. It is an application level protocol because it. TCP layer in the protocol stack and is used by specific. In this case the applications are web. Clients (web browsers). After the request is serviced by a server, the connection between. Internet is disconnected. A new connection. Most protocols are connection oriented. HTTP does not however. Before an HTTP. request can be made by a client, a new connection must be made to the. If the server cannot find. HTTP 4. 04 error message. These usually include. Check It Out - Use Your. Telnet Client to Retrieve a Web Page Using HTTPTelnet is a remote terminal. Internet. It's use has declined lately, but it. Internet. In Windows find the. It may be located in the Windows directory. When opened, pull down the Terminal menu and. Preferences. In the preferences window, check Local Echo. Enter. www. google. Host Name and 8. 0 for the Port. Now type. GET / HTTP/1. Enter twice. This is a simple HTTP request to a web. You should see a web page flash by and. You may then browse through the web page and see the. HTML that was used to write it. RFCs may be found at several locations on the Internet. See. the Resources section below for appropriate URL's. HTTP version 1. 0 is. RFC 1. 94. 5. Another. Internet service is electronic mail. E- mail uses an. application level protocol called Simple Mail Transfer Protocol or. SMTP. SMTP is also a text based protocol, but unlike HTTP, SMTP is. SMTP is also more complicated than HTTP. There are. many more commands and considerations in SMTP than there are in HTTP. The mail server's. IP address or domain name is typically setup when the mail client is. The server will then say goodbye and the. A simple 'conversation' between an. SMTP client and SMTP server is shown below. R: denotes messages. S: denotes messages sent by the. Under the application layer in. TCP layer. When applications open a connection. Internet, the messages they send (using a. TCP. layer. TCP is responsible for routing application protocols to the. To accomplish this. Ports can be thought of as seperate channels on. For example, you can surf the web while reading e- mail. When a packet arrives at a computer. TCP layer decides which. The information. contained in the TCP header includes the port number of the application. TCP is a connection- oriented. Connection- oriented means that two. TCP must first establish a connection before exchanging. TCP is reliable because for each packet received, an acknowledgement. TCP also includes a. The TCP. header looks like this: Notice that there is. IP address in the TCP header. This is because TCP doesn't. IP addresses. 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THE WISDOM OF ANTON CHEKHOV. Table of Contents (with links). ![]() It has influenced many other playwrights, including Eugene O'Neill, George Bernard Shaw, David Mamet, and Arthur Miller. Characters. Ranyevskaya is the linchpin around which the other characters revolve. A commanding and popular figure, she represents the pride of the old aristocracy, now fallen on hard times. Her confused feelings of love for her old home and sorrow at the scene of her son's death, give her an emotional depth that keeps her from devolving into a mere aristocratic grotesque. Most of her humor comes from her inability to understand financial or business matters. Peter Trofimov . Trofimov is depicted as an . ![]() ![]() 23 February 2016 Theatre and The Family: Anton Chekhov, 'The Cherry Orchard' Professor Belinda Jack View PDF Print. Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi). Archived from the original on 4 July 2013. Biography at The Literature Network 'Chekhov's Legacy' by Cornel West at NPR, 2004; The. A cor e o teor nutritivo e alco An impassioned left- wing political commentator, he represents the rising tide of reformist political opinion in Russia, which struggled to find its place within the authoritarian Czaristautocracy. Boris Borisovich Simeonov- Pishchik . He is constantly discussing new business ventures that may save him and badgering Ranyevskaya for a loan. His character embodies the irony of the aristocracy's position: despite his financial peril, he spends the play relaxing and socializing with the Gayevs. Anya . She journeys to Paris to rescue her mother from her desperate situation. She is a virtuous and strong young woman. She is in love with Trofimov and listens to his revolutionary ideas, although she may or may not be taking them in. Varya . Varya is the one who manages the estate and keeps everything in order. She is the rock that holds the family together. The reason why Ranevskaya adopted her is never made clear, although she is mentioned to have come from . ![]() Dive deep into Anton Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard with extended analysis, commentary, and discussion. Complete summary of Anton Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard. Varya fantasizes about becoming a nun, though she lacks the financial means to do so. She adores her mother and sister, and frets about money constantly. Her relationship to Lopakhin is a mysterious one; everyone in the play assumes that they are about to be married but neither of them act on it. Leonid Andreieveitch Gayev . ![]() One of the more obviously comic characters, Gayev is a talkative eccentric. His addiction to billiards (often manifesting itself at times of discomfort) is symbolic of the aristocracy's decadent life of leisure, which renders them impotent in the face of change. Gayev tries hard to save his family and estate, but ultimately, as an aristocrat, lacks the drive. Yermolai Alexeievitch Lopakhin . Lopakhin is by far the wealthiest character in the play, but comes from the lowest social class. This contrast defines his character: he enjoys living the high life, but at the same time is uncomfortably conscious of his low beginnings and obsession with business. He is often portrayed on stage as an unpleasant character because of his greedy tendencies and ultimate betrayal of the Gayev family, but there is nothing in the play to suggest this: he works strenuously to help the Gayevs, but to no avail. Lopakhin represents the new middle class in Russia, one of many threats to the old aristocratic way of doing things. Charlotta Ivanovna . By far the most eccentric character, Charlotta is the only governess the Gayevs could afford and is a companion for Anya. She is a melancholy figure, raised by a German woman without any real knowledge of who her circus entertainer parents were. She performs card tricks and ventriloquism at the party in the third act and accepts the loss of her station, when the family disbands, with pragmatism. Yepikhodov . The Gayev's estate clerk is another source of comedy. He is unfortunate and clumsy in the extreme, earning him the insulting nickname . He considers himself to be in love with Dunyasha, whom he has asked to marry him. Dunyasha . Like Lopakhin, she is another example of social mobility in Russia at the time. A peasant who is employed as the Gayev's chambermaid, Dunyasha is an attention seeker, making big scenes and dressing as a lady to show herself off. She is in some respects representative of the aristocracy's impotence, as a lowly chambermaid would not in the past have had the freedom to dress like a lady and flirt with the manservants. Although pursued romantically by Yepikhodov, she is in love with Yasha, attracted to the culture he has picked up in Paris. Firs . An aging eccentric, Firs considers the emancipation of the Russian serfs a disaster, and talks nostalgically of the old days when everybody admired their masters and owners, such as Gayev's parents and grandparents. His senility is a source of much of the play's poignancy, symbolizing the decay of the old order into muttering madness. Yasha . Yasha represents the new, disaffected Russian generation, who dislike the staid old ways and who will be the footsoldiers of the revolution. A rude, inconsiderate and predatory young man, Yasha, like Dunyasha and Charlotta, is the best the Gayevs can afford. He toys with the girlish affections of Dunyasha, the maid. A Stranger . He is symbolic of the intrusion of new ideologies and social movements that infringed on the aristocracy's peace in Russia at the turn of the 2. The Stationmaster and The Postmaster . Although they both play minor roles (the Stationmaster attempts to recite a poem, and the Postmaster flirts with Dunyasha), they are mostly symbols of the deprecation of the aristocracy in 1. Russia . She is reminded of his existence through the presence of Trofimov, who was his tutor. Guests, servants, and others. Synopsis. Ranevskaya has been living with an unnamed lover in France for five years, ever since her young son drowned. After receiving news that she had tried to kill herself, Ranevskaya's 1. Anya and Anya's governess Charlotta Ivanovna have gone to fetch her and bring her home to Russia. They are accompanied by Yasha, Ranevskaya's valet who was with her in France. Upon returning, the group is met by Lopakhin, Dunyasha, Varya (who has overseen the estate in Ranevskaya's absence), Leonid Andreyevich Gayev, Boris Borisovich Simeonov- Pishchik, Semyon Yepikhodov, and Firs. Lopakhin has come to remind Ranevskaya and Gayev that their estate, including the cherry orchard, is due to go to auction in August to pay off the family's debts. He proposes to save the estate by allowing part of it to be developed into summer cottages; however, this would require the destruction of their famous cherry orchard, which is nationally known for its size. Ranevskaya is enjoying the view of the orchard as day breaks when she is surprised by Peter Trofimov, a young student and the former tutor of Ranevskaya's son, Grisha, whose death prompted Ranevskaya to leave Russia five years ago. Much to the consternation of Varya, Trofimov had insisted on seeing Ranevskaya upon her return, and she is grief- stricken at the reminder of this tragedy. After Ranevskaya retires for the evening, Anya confesses to Varya that their mother is heavily in debt. They all go to bed with renewed hope that the estate will be saved and the cherry orchard preserved. Trofimov stares after the departing Anya and mutters . The act opens with Yepikhodov and Yasha trying for the affection of Dunyasha, by singing and playing guitar, while Charlotta soliloquizes about her life as she cleans a rifle. In Act I it was revealed that Yepikhodov proposed to Dunyasha around Easter; however, she has since become infatuated with the more . Charlotta leaves so that Dunyasha and Yasha might have some time alone, but that is interrupted when they hear their employer coming. Yasha shoos Dunyasha away to avoid being caught, and Ranevskaya, Gayev, and Lopakhin appear, once more discussing the uncertain fate of the cherry orchard. Shortly Anya, Varya, and Trofimov arrive as well. Lopakhin teases Trofimov for being a perpetual student, and Trofimov espouses his philosophy of work and useful purpose, to the delight and humour of everyone around. During their conversations, a drunken and disheveled vagrant passes by and begs for money; Ranevskaya thoughtlessly gives him all of her money, despite the protestations of Varya. Shaken by the disturbance, the family departs for dinner, with Lopakhin futilely insisting that the cherry orchard be sold to pay down the debt. Anya stays behind to talk with Trofimov, who disapproves of Varya's constant hawk- like eyes, reassuring Anya that they are . To impress Trofimov and win his affection, Anya vows to leave the past behind her and start a new life. The two depart for the river as Varya calls scoldingly in the background. It is the end of August, and the evening of Ranevskaya's party has come. Offstage the musicians play as the family and their guests drink, carouse, and entertain themselves. It is also the day of the auction of the estate and the cherry orchard; Gayev has received a paltry amount of money from his and Ranevskaya's stingy aunt in Yaroslavl, and the family members, despite the general merriment around them, are both anxious and distracted while they wait for word of their fates. Varya worries about paying the musicians and scolds their neighbour Pishchik for drinking, Dunyasha for dancing, and Yepikhodov for playing billiards. Charlotta entertains the group by performing several magic tricks. Ranevskaya scolds Trofimov for his constant teasing of Varya, whom he refers to as . How to: Remove or 'uninstall' Windows 7 (or any other installed OS) . However, the methods here still apply even if you are trying to remove a different OS such as Vista or XP. At this point, there are bound to be many people who the Windows 7 fetish has worn off of. So now they want to remove Windows 7 but are not sure how (obviously I am not talking to the tech gurus here). I am one of these people. So I figured I should make a post about how to remove Windows 7 in case there are people out there who are not sure how. Maybe I will even make a few bucks on the way. I want to remove it snd go back to my previous. Help removing Windows Live Messenger Beta. I went to Add and Remove Programs and tried to remove it (Windows Live BETA; All Programs). So I deleted all the Windows Live services and left the Windows Live BETA; All Programs. Windows Live Suite BETA. Should I remove Windows Live Beta (all programs) by Microsoft? Windows Live is the former collective brand name for a set of services and software products from Microsoft; part of their software plus services platform. Windows Live Messenger Beta will not load without wldlog.dll. I can't remove Windows Live Essentials (I've tried many of those uninstaller programs like Revo and FullUninstall). Add&remove programs 'windows live essentials'. I cannot uninstall windows live messenger. To continue uninstall Windows Live Essentials 2011 on your Windows, you then select the option “Remove one or more Windows Live programs” from the below. Uninstall Windows Live Essentials 2011 Beta. Go to Start->All Programs->Accessories b. Uninstall Windows Live Essentials using command line on Windows 7. If you install many apps and programs in Windows 8. Metro first before you can open the All Apps page. If you do not care about live tiles and other. ![]() If you may recall, in my Windows 7 post I mentioned three main ways of how to install Windows 7: 1) Make Windows 7 your primary OS (i. All these methods have been tested by me and they work. However, use them at your own risk. Me, PMnet, anyone/anything associated/not associated with us are not responsible for any gain/loss coming out of using the methods mentioned in this HOW TO or the comments that follow. Also note that all of the following methods are cross platform so it does not matter if you have/want to have XP or Vista. You upgraded to Windows 7 or you installed Windows 7 over your last Windows installation. Bottom line: Windows 7 is the only Windows on your computer at this moment. Okay with a situation like this, I am sorry to inform you, but you cannot revert back to your earlier Windows – it just can’t be done. The only way to remove Windows 7 would be to install another Windows over it effectively losing all your data, i. ![]() Thus you are recommended to backup any data you consider important. In order for this to work, you need a Windows CD or a recovery CD. Either one of these should have come with your computer. If you have lost them or, for whatever reason, they did not come with your computer, try contacting customer service for your respective computer company to see if they will send you a new one. If that does not work, you can also borrow a Windows CD from a friend just for installation purposes. Or if push comes to shove, you can torrent a copy of the Windows that you need (but you must already have a valid Windows key!). Torrenting is not legal, nor is it recommended because you don’t know what malicious content someone might have inserted into the ISO. ![]() ![]() Okay first thing you want to do is look around your computer for a Windows label. If you are on a laptop it will probably be at the bottom of your laptop. If you are on a desktop, it can be anywhere. How to uninstall Windows Live B? Learn how to remove Windows Live B Unable to repair all programs under Windows Live Essentials. Unable to repair all programs under Windows Live. The label should list a product key for Windows. Copy this product key onto a piece of paper – you may or may not need it depending on your installation methods. If you have a recovery CD, follow the directions provided by your computer manufacturer on how to restore your computer back to factory settings. If you have a Windows CD, you will install it the same way you installed Windows 7. Pop the CD into the CD drive. Reboot your computer and follow on screen instructions. You should come to a page that asks you “What type of installation you want?”. Choose “Custom(advanced)”: This will bring you to a page that will list all the partitions on your computer. Single left click on the partition that has Windows 7 installed. Then click on “Drive options (Advanced)”: Now you technically do not *have* to do the following, but for safe measures you should. Just follow on screen instructions and you will have your Windows up in no time. You virtually installed Windows 7. I mentioned three differnet programs you can use to virtually install Windows 7. ![]() However I recommeneded Virtual. Box and that is the one I will use to explain on how to remove Windows 7. The method should, however, be similar for all three programs. Removing OS installations that have been virtualized is really, really easy – literally a click of a button. This is when people start patting themselves on the back for going virtual. Right click on the Windows 7 installation and hit “Delete”: You will get a message box asking you if you are sure/asking you to confirm that you want to delete it. NOTE: Once you delete it, you will not be able to get it back again. If you want it back you will have to reinstall it. After that, go to File - > Virtual Media Manager: A window will pop up that will list the . In order to get your hard drive space back that this . Right click on the hard disk and click on “Remove”: A message box will pop up asking you to confirm that you want to remove the hard disk. Hit “Remove”: Another message box will pop up asking you if you want to delete the virtual hard drive or to keep it. Hit “Delete”: And that is it. Windows 7 is no longer virtually installed on your computer. If you do not think you will be installing an OS virtually again, feel free to uninstall Virtual. Box also. Be sure to use Revo. Uninstaller. 3) You dual booted Windows 7 with another Windows on your computer. I know that there are multiple ways on how to remove Windows 7 if you dual booted. However, I chose to use the following way because I find it to be very easy and it is cross platform so you do not have to worry about if you are on Vista or XP. First thing you have to do is download and install Paragon Partition Manager on your primary OS (the OS you want to keep – double check system requirements to make sure PPM will work on your system), not Windows 7 (the OS you want to remove). After that, run Paragon Partition Manager. At the bottom you will see all your partitions listed. Right click on the partition that has Windows 7 installed and click on “Format”: Make sure you are formatting the partition with Windows 7 and not the one with your primary OS installed! A window will popup asking you if you are sure you want to format the partition. It will give you the option to select a new file system and name it. Name it whatever you want, the name will be short lived anyway, but be sure to select “NTFS” for the file system. Hit “Format”: After that, go up to the top of the program window where the buttons are and hit “Apply”: You will be prompted with a message asking you are you sure you want to make the changes. Hit “Yes”: That will start the process of formatting your partition. A window will pop up that will allow you to monitor the progress. After the formatting is done hit “Close”: Now right click again on that partition that you just formatted, from the main program window, and hit “Delete”: A window will popup asking you to type the label of the volume in order to confirm that you want to delete it. Type the name of the volume and hit “Yes”. The label of the volume in my screenshot is “. Hit “Yes”: Again a window where you can monitor the progress of your partition deletion will popup. Just sit back and watch. After a few seconds, a window will popup telling you that your partition is in use and that you must reboot your computer to delete it. Hit “Restart Now”: Your computer will then restart. Instead of your booting into Windows, you will be brought to a Paragon Hard Disk Manager screen (sorry for bad quality screenshot – had to use my camera phone): Allow the program to do its thing until the bottom left hand of the screen displays the following: Hit any key you desire and allow your computer to restart. When restarting you should not be prompted with any screen that asks you to choose what OS to load – you should load directly into your primary OS, whether that is XP, Vista, Win. Now at this point you are done removing Windows 7. However, since you had designated X GB on your hard drive for Windows 7 and you no longer have Windows 7, you have X GB just sitting there and being useless on your hard drive. The following is optional but I highly recommend you do it so you can put those X GB back to good use. After your computer boots into your primary OS, run Paragon Hard Disk Manager again. You should at the bottom where it lists your partitions there should be an entry that says “(Unallocated)”. That is all the space that usto be your Windows 7 partition now just sitting there. Right click on your current Windows partition and click on “Move/Resize Partition”: ***If the . If you can’t figure out how to make it work, take a screenshot and post it in the comments below – I will try to help. You should now see a window that will ask you to specify the new partition size: Make it as big as possible and hit “Yes”: Again hit the “Apply” button from the top menu on the main program window: You will be prompted with a message asking you are you sure you want to make the changes. Hit “Yes”: After that a window will popup where you can monitor the progress of making your partition bigger. After it is done, hit “Close”: You are done. Go enjoy what is left of your day. If anyone has any questions, feel free to ask – I will try to help to the best of my ability. Ambassadors Fund for Cultural Preservation. Ambassadors Fund for Cultural Preservation (AFCP)The Fund was established to help countries preserve cultural heritage and to demonstrate U. S. The Fund is aimed at preserving cultural sites or objects that have an historical or cultural significance to the cultural heritage of Malaysia. Proposals should fulfill the following criteria: Cultural sites: This might include (but is not limited to) historical buildings and sites, sacred places, monuments, and archaeological sites. Cultural objects and collections: from a museum, site, or similar institution. Ambassadors Fund for Cultural Preservation (AFCP) supports the preservation of cultural sites, cultural objects, and forms of traditional cultural expression. To support archaeological training or a research program for Native American students or employees of tribal cultural preservation programs (up to $5,000). Preservation of cultural objects. One instance in which these decisions may get tricky is when the conservator. Standard functions of preservation programs. The School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Cultural Heritage and Preservation Studies. Cultural Preservation. To increase awareness of the rich cultural. CTN wants to ensure families from multicultural communities have access to their programs. Managing our cultural resources. As part of the environmental protection program, LANL specialists oversee and manage the Laboratory's cultural resources programs. The Historic Preservation. Register of Historic Places and the State Register of Cultural. Historic Preservation Division Featured Programs. The preservation programs at the University of Texas at Austin expose students to. This includes archaeological and ethnographic objects, paintings, sculpture, manuscripts, photographic and film collections, and general museum conservation activities. Forms of Traditional Cultural Expression: This includes traditional music, rituals, knowledge, languages, dance, drama, and crafts. Priority Activities. Library Philosophy and Practice 2011. Preservation of Cultural Heritage: The Strategic Role of the Library and Information Science Professionals in. Japanese Cultural and Community Center of Northern California Our Community. The Japanese Cultural and Community Center of. ![]() ![]() ![]() AFCP gives top priority to project activities in keeping with international standards for the preservation of cultural heritage. These activities may include: In the case of Cultural Sites, restoration of a historic building, an archaeological survey as a component of a preservation plan, preservation management planning for a site, or documentation of sites in a region for preservation purpose. In the case of Cultural objects and collections, conservation treatment for an object or collection of objects; needs assessment of a collection with respect to its condition and strategies for improving its state of conservation; inventory of a collection for conservation purposes; the creation of safe environments for storage or display of collections; or specialized training in the care and preservation of collections. In the case of Forms of traditional cultural expression, documentation and audiovisual recording of traditional music and dance forms for preservation and eventual dissemination, or support for training. An appropriate preservation activity is one that protects the values of the site, object or collection, or form of traditional cultural expression as they are understood by stakeholders. Stakeholders may include national, regional, or local cultural authorities, the local community, and others with vested interests in the site and the outcome of a project. Special Note Regarding Sites and Objects that have a Religious Connection: The establishment clause of the U. S. Constitution permits the government to include religious objects and sites within an aid program under certain conditions. For example, an item with a religious connection (including a place of worship) may be the subject of a cultural preservation grant if the item derives its primary significance and is nominated solely on the basis of architectural, artistic, historical or other cultural (not religious) criteria. Project Performance and Budget Periods: Applicants may propose performance periods of up to 6. Performance and Deliverables: Successful recipients must submit periodic performance progress and financial status reports, and a final report, as required. Cost Sharing or Matching Funds: AFCP encourages cost sharing, contributions in kind, and other forms of cost participation. Application Guidelines: Proposals shall not exceed 1,0. Please refer to the attachments below in the preparation of your proposal. Proposals must include the following information: Project Title: A short, descriptive title . Support that explains why the U. |
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